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Boosting and broadening recruitment to UK cancer trials: towards a blueprint for action
(BMJ, 2023-11-01)<jats:p>Recruitment and retention in cancer trials are long-standing issues, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The UK National Institute of Health Research and leading clinicians have emphasised the urgency to achieve ... -
BOXIT-A Randomised Phase III Placebo-controlled Trial Evaluating the Addition of Celecoxib to Standard Treatment of Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder (CRUK/07/004).
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2019-04-01)BACKGROUND: Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) has a significant risk of recurrence despite adjuvant intravesical therapy. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether celecoxib, a cyclo-oxygenase 2 inhibitor, reduces the risk ... -
Brain and Salivary Gland Tumors and Mobile Phone Use: Evaluating the Evidence from Various Epidemiological Study Designs.
(ANNUAL REVIEWS, 2019-04-01)Mobile phones (MPs) are the most relevant source of radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure to the brain and the salivary gland. Whether this exposure implies a cancer risk has been addressed in several ... -
Branchpoint translocation by fork remodelers as a general mechanism of R-loop removal.
(CELL PRESS, 2022-12-06)Co-transcriptional R loops arise from stalling of RNA polymerase, leading to the formation of stable DNA:RNA hybrids. Unresolved R loops promote genome instability but are counteracted by helicases and nucleases. Here, we ... -
BRCA1 and BRCA2 tumor suppressors protect against endogenous acetaldehyde toxicity.
(WILEY, 2017-10-01)Maintenance of genome integrity requires the functional interplay between Fanconi anemia (FA) and homologous recombination (HR) repair pathways. Endogenous acetaldehyde, a product of cellular metabolism, is a potent source ... -
BRCA1 loss-of-function triggers metabolic vulnerability to glutamine deprivation
(Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2021-01-31)Germline and somatic mutations of BRCA1 are associated with cancer initiation and progression. Although the role of BRCA1 is clearly defined in DNA-repair pathways, alternative functions of BRCA1 still remain obscure. Here, ... -
BRCA2 Hypomorphic Missense Variants Confer Moderate Risks of Breast Cancer.
(AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH, 2017-06-01)Breast cancer risks conferred by many germline missense variants in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, often referred to as variants of uncertain significance (VUS), have not been established. In this study, associations between ... -
BRCT domains of the DNA damage checkpoint proteins TOPBP1/Rad4 display distinct specificities for phosphopeptide ligands.
(ELIFE SCIENCES PUBLICATIONS LTD, 2018-10-08)TOPBP1 and its fission yeast homologueRad4, are critical players in a range of DNA replication, repair and damage signalling processes. They are composed of multiple BRCT domains, some of which bind phosphorylated motifs ... -
BRD4 facilitates replication stress-induced DNA damage response.
(NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2018-07-12)Previous reports have demonstrated that select cancers depend on BRD4 to regulate oncogenic gene transcriptional programs. Here we describe a novel role for BRD4 in DNA damage response (DDR). BRD4 associates with and ... -
BRD4 Promotes DNA Repair and Mediates the Formation of TMPRSS2-ERG Gene Rearrangements in Prostate Cancer.
(CELL PRESS, 2018-01-16)BRD4 belongs to the bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) family of chromatin reader proteins that bind acetylated histones and regulate gene expression. Pharmacological inhibition of BRD4 by BET inhibitors (BETi) has indicated ... -
Breaking Bad News Training in the COVID-19 Era and Beyond.
(2020-01)COVID-19 has disrupted the status quo for healthcare education. As a result, redeployed doctors and nurses are caring for patients at the end of their lives and breaking bad news with little experience or training. This ... -
Breast cancer and common malignancies in older adults
(Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2022-08-08)Cancer is increasingly a diseases of older adults. However, they are heterogeneous and life expectancy and tolerance to stressors may vary greatly within this age group. Comorbidities, functional impairments, malnutrition, ... -
Breast cancer biomarkers in clinical testing: analysis of a UK national external quality assessment scheme for immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridisation database containing results from 199 300 patients.
(2018-10)We describe a collated data set of results from clinical testing of breast cancers carried out between 2009 and 2016 in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland. More than 199 000 patient biomarker data sets, together ... -
Breast Cancer Risk After Recent Childbirth: A Pooled Analysis of 15 Prospective Studies.
(AMER COLL PHYSICIANS, 2018-12-11)BACKGROUND: Parity is widely recognized as protective for breast cancer, but breast cancer risk may be increased shortly after childbirth. Whether this risk varies with breastfeeding, family history of breast cancer, or ... -
Breast cancer risk following Hodgkin lymphoma radiotherapy in relation to menstrual and reproductive factors.
(NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2013-06-11)BACKGROUND: Women treated with supradiaphragmatic radiotherapy (sRT) for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) at young ages have a substantially increased breast cancer risk. Little is known about how menarcheal and reproductive factors ... -
Breast cancer risk in relation to history of preeclampsia and hyperemesis gravidarum: Prospective analysis in the Generations Study.
(WILEY, 2018-08-15)Preeclampsia and hyperemesis gravidarum are pregnancy complications associated with altered sex hormone levels. Previous studies suggest preeclampsia may be associated with a decreased risk of subsequent breast cancer and ... -
Breast cancer risk prediction in women aged 35-50 years: impact of including sex hormone concentrations in the Gail model.
(BMC, 2019-03-19)BACKGROUND: Models that accurately predict risk of breast cancer are needed to help younger women make decisions about when to begin screening. Premenopausal concentrations of circulating anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), a ... -
Breast cancer risk variants at 6q25 display different phenotype associations and regulate ESR1, RMND1 and CCDC170.
(NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2016-04-01)We analyzed 3,872 common genetic variants across the ESR1 locus (encoding estrogen receptor α) in 118,816 subjects from three international consortia. We found evidence for at least five independent causal variants, each ... -
Breast implant associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma: The UK experience. Recommendations on its management and implications for informed consent.
(2017-08)Background Breast implant-associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a rare, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma arising in the capsule of breast implants. BIA-ALCL presents as a recurrent effusion and/or mass. Tumours exhibit ...