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Now showing items 3466-3485 of 4580
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Rare germline variants in DNA repair genes and the angiogenesis pathway predispose prostate cancer patients to develop metastatic disease.
(SPRINGERNATURE, 2018-07-03)BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (PrCa) demonstrates a heterogeneous clinical presentation ranging from largely indolent to lethal. We sought to identify a signature of rare inherited variants that distinguishes between these ... -
Rare non-epithelial ovarian neoplasms: Pathology, genetics and treatment.
(2016-07)Rare non-epithelial ovarian neoplasms have posed management challenges for many years. Their rarity means that most specialist practitioners will see one such case every several years, and most generalists may never see a ... -
Rare variants of large effect in BRCA2 and CHEK2 affect risk of lung cancer.
(NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2014-09-11)We conducted imputation to the 1000 Genomes Project of four genome-wide association studies of lung cancer in populations of European ancestry (11,348 cases and 15,861 controls) and genotyped an additional 10,246 cases and ... -
Rare Variation in Drug Metabolism and Long QT Genes and the Genetic Susceptibility to Acquired Long QT Syndrome.
(Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2022-02-03)BACKGROUND: Acquired long QT syndrome (aLQTS) is a serious unpredictable adverse drug reaction. Pharmacogenomic markers may predict risk. METHODS: Among 153 aLQTS patients (mean age 58 years [range, 14-88], 98.7% White, ... -
RAS oncogenic activity predicts response to chemotherapy and outcome in lung adenocarcinoma.
(NATURE PORTFOLIO, 2022-09-26)Activating mutations in KRAS occur in 32% of lung adenocarcinomas (LUAD). Despite leading to aggressive disease and resistance to therapy in preclinical studies, the KRAS mutation does not predict patient outcome or response ... -
RAS signalling through PI3-Kinase controls cell migration via modulation of Reelin expression.
(2016-04-13)RAS signalling through phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-Kinase) has been shown to have an essential role in tumour initiation and maintenance. RAS also regulates cell motility and tumour invasiveness, but the role of direct ... -
The rate and spectrum of mosaic mutations during embryogenesis revealed by RNA sequencing of 49 tissues.
(BMC, 2020-05-27)BACKGROUND: Mosaic mutations acquired during early embryogenesis can lead to severe early-onset genetic disorders and cancer predisposition, but are often undetectable in blood samples. The rate and mutational spectrum of ... -
Rational design of non-resistant targeted cancer therapies.
(NATURE PORTFOLIO, 2017-04-24)Drug resistance is one of the major problems in targeted cancer therapy. A major cause of resistance is changes in the amino acids that form the drug-target binding site. Despite of the numerous efforts made to individually ... -
Rationale and design of the POLEM trial: avelumab plus fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment for stage III mismatch repair deficient or POLE exonuclease domain mutant colon cancer: a phase III randomised study.
(ELSEVIER, 2020-01-01)BACKGROUND: 10%-15% of early-stage colon cancers harbour either deficient mismatch repair (dMMR), microsatellite instability high (MSI-H) or POLE exonuclease domain mutations, and are characterised by high tumour mutational ... -
Rationale for Modernising Imaging in Advanced Prostate Cancer.
(ELSEVIER, 2017-04-01)CONTEXT: To effectively manage patients with advanced prostate cancer (APC), it is essential to have accurate, reproducible, and validated methods for detecting and quantifying the burden of bone and soft tissue metastases ... -
RavN is a member of a previously unrecognized group of Legionella pneumophila E3 ubiquitin ligases.
(PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE, 2018-02-01)The eukaryotic ubiquitylation machinery catalyzes the covalent attachment of the small protein modifier ubiquitin to cellular target proteins in order to alter their fate. Microbial pathogens exploit this post-translational ... -
RAZOR: A Phase II Open Randomized Trial of Screening Plus Goserelin and Raloxifene Versus Screening Alone in Premenopausal Women at Increased Risk of Breast Cancer.
(AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH, 2018-01-01)Background: Ovarian suppression in premenopausal women is known to reduce breast cancer risk. This study aimed to assess uptake and compliance with ovarian suppression using the luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) ... -
RB/E2F1 as a Master Regulator of Cancer Cell Metabolism in Advanced Disease.
(AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH, 2021-09-01)Loss of the retinoblastoma (RB) tumor suppressor protein is a critical step in reprogramming biological networks that drive cancer progression, although mechanistic insight has been largely limited to the impact of RB loss ... -
RB1 Heterogeneity in Advanced Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.
(AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH, 2019-01-15)PURPOSE: Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is a lethal but clinically heterogeneous disease, with patients having variable benefit from endocrine and cytotoxic treatments. Intrapatient genomic ... -
RE-ARMing the Immune Response to Bladder Cancer with Radiotherapy.
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON, 2022-07-01) -
Re-challenge chemotherapy with gemcitabine plus carboplatin in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
(2013-10)Despite recent improvements to current therapies and the emergence of novel agents to manage advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the patients' overall survival remains poor. Re-challenging with first-line chemotherapy ... -
Reactivation of p53 by a Cytoskeletal Sensor to Control the Balance Between DNA Damage and Tumor Dissemination.
(OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC, 2015-10-13)BACKGROUND: Abnormal cell migration and invasion underlie metastasis, and actomyosin contractility is a key regulator of tumor invasion. The links between cancer migratory behavior and DNA damage are poorly understood. ... -
Reactive oxygen species modulate macrophage immunosuppressive phenotype through the up-regulation of PD-L1.
(NATL ACAD SCIENCES, 2019-03-05)The combination of immune checkpoint blockade with chemotherapy is currently under investigation as a promising strategy for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are ...