Browsing by title
Now showing items 2913-2932 of 4595
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Oncogenic RAC1 and NRAS drive resistance to endoplasmic reticulum stress through MEK/ERK signalling.
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2018-04-01)Cancer cells are able to survive under conditions that cause endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER-stress), and can adapt to this stress by upregulating cell-survival signalling pathways and down-regulating apoptotic pathways. ... -
Oncogenic RAS Signaling Promotes Tumor Immunoresistance by Stabilizing PD-L1 mRNA.
(2017-12-12)The immunosuppressive protein PD-L1 is upregulated in many cancers and contributes to evasion of the host immune system. The relative importance of the tumor microenvironment and cancer cell-intrinsic signaling in the ... -
Oncologically Relevant Findings Reporting and Data System (ONCO-RADS): Guidelines for the Acquisition, Interpretation, and Reporting of Whole-Body MRI for Cancer Screening.
(RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMERICA (RSNA), 2021-06-01)Acknowledging the increasing number of studies describing the use of whole-body MRI for cancer screening, and the increasing number of examinations being performed in patients with known cancers, an international ... -
Oncology-Led Early Identification of Nutritional Risk: A Pragmatic, Evidence-Based Protocol (PRONTO).
(MDPI, 2023-01-06)Nutritional issues, including malnutrition, low muscle mass, sarcopenia (i.e., low muscle mass and strength), and cachexia (i.e., weight loss characterized by a continuous decline in skeletal muscle mass, with or without ... -
Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Inhibits Pediatric Brain Tumor Migration and Invasion.
(CELL PRESS, 2017-06-16)Pediatric high-grade glioma (pHGG) and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) are invasive tumors with poor survival. Oncolytic virotherapy, initially devised as a direct cytotoxic treatment, is now also known to act via ... -
Oncolytic Immunotherapy for Bladder Cancer Using Coxsackie A21 Virus.
(CELL PRESS, 2018-06-29)As a clinical setting in which local live biological therapy is already well established, non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) presents intriguing opportunities for oncolytic virotherapy. Coxsackievirus A21 (CVA21) ... -
Oncolytic reovirus as a combined antiviral and anti-tumour agent for the treatment of liver cancer.
(BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP, 2018-03-01)OBJECTIVE: Oncolytic viruses (OVs) represent promising, proinflammatory cancer treatments. Here, we explored whether OV-induced innate immune responses could simultaneously inhibit HCV while suppressing hepatocellular ... -
Oncolytic Reovirus-Mediated Recruitment of Early Innate Immune Responses Reverses Immunotherapy Resistance in Prostate Tumors.
(CELL PRESS, 2021-03-26)Prostate cancers are considered "cold" tumors characterized by minimal T cell infiltrates, absence of a type I interferon (IFN) signature, and the presence of immunosuppressive cells. This non-inflamed phenotype is likely ... -
Oncolytic vaccinia virus as a vector for therapeutic sodium iodide symporter gene therapy in prostate cancer.
(NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2016-04-01)Oncolytic strains of vaccinia virus are currently in clinical development with clear evidence of safety and promising signs of efficacy. Addition of therapeutic genes to the viral genome may increase the therapeutic efficacy ... -
Oncolytic vaccinia virus combined with radiotherapy induces apoptotic cell death in sarcoma cells by down-regulating the inhibitors of apoptosis.
(IMPACT JOURNALS LLC, 2016-12-06)Advanced extremity melanoma and sarcoma present a significant therapeutic challenge, requiring multimodality therapy to treat or even palliate disease. These aggressive tumours are relatively chemo-resistant, therefore new ... -
Oncolytic virotherapy induced CSDE1 neo-antigenesis restricts VSV replication but can be targeted by immunotherapy.
(NATURE PORTFOLIO, 2021-03-26)In our clinical trials of oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus expressing interferon beta (VSV-IFNβ), several patients achieved initial responses followed by aggressive relapse. We show here that VSV-IFNβ-escape tumors ... -
Online adaptive radiotherapy for head and neck cancers on the MR linear Accelerator: Introducing a novel modified Adapt-to-Shape approach.
(ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2021-11-19)INTRODUCTION: The Elekta Unity MR-Linac (MRL) has enabled adaptive radiotherapy (ART) for patients with head and neck cancers (HNC). Adapt-To-Shape-Lite (ATS-Lite) is a novel Adapt-to-Shape strategy that provides ART without ... -
Online dose reconstruction for tracked volumetric arc therapy: Real-time implementation and offline quality assurance for prostate SBRT.
(WILEY, 2017-08-20)PURPOSE: Firstly, this study provides a real-time implementation of online dose reconstruction for tracked volumetric arc therapy (VMAT). Secondly, this study describes a novel offline quality assurance tool, based on ... -
Online support community for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer: user statistics, evaluation, and content analysis.
(DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD, 2018-01-01)PURPOSE: Peer support is an important unmet need among adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients. This study was conducted to describe the use and evaluation of a Dutch secure online support community for AYA diagnosed ... -
Open-Label, Single-Arm Phase II Study of Pembrolizumab Monotherapy as First-Line Therapy in Patients With Advanced Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.
(LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2021-03-20)PURPOSE: Pembrolizumab, a programmed death 1 inhibitor, demonstrated promising single-agent activity in untreated patients with various cancer types. The phase II KEYNOTE-427 study evaluated efficacy and safety of single-agent ... -
OpenMS: a flexible open-source software platform for mass spectrometry data analysis.
(NATURE PORTFOLIO, 2016-08-30)High-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) has become an important tool in the life sciences, contributing to the diagnosis and understanding of human diseases, elucidating biomolecular structural information and characterizing ... -
Operational complexity versus design efficiency: challenges of implementing a phase IIa multiple parallel cohort targeted treatment platform trial in advanced breast cancer.
(BMC, 2022-05-07)BACKGROUND: Platform trial designs are used increasingly in cancer clinical research and are considered an efficient model for evaluating multiple compounds within a single disease or disease subtype. However, these trial ... -
OpEx - a validated, automated pipeline optimised for clinical exome sequence analysis.
(NATURE PORTFOLIO, 2016-08-03)We present an easy-to-use, open-source Optimised Exome analysis tool, OpEx (http://icr.ac.uk/opex) that accurately detects small-scale variation, including indels, to clinical standards. We evaluated OpEx performance with ... -
Opinion: PARP inhibitors in cancer-what do we still need to know?
(The Royal Society, 2022-07-01)PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have been demonstrated to exhibit profound anti-tumour activity in individuals whose cancers have a defect in the homologous recombination DNA repair pathway. Here, we describe the current consensus ...
