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Crystal structure of EML1 reveals the basis for Hsp90 dependence of oncogenic EML4-ALK by disruption of an atypical beta-propeller domain

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Date
2014-04
ICR Author
Rennalls, La'Verne
Type
Journal Article
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Abstract
Proteins of the echinoderm microtubule-associated protein (EMAP)like (EML) family contribute to formation of the mitotic spindle and interphase microtubule network. They contain a unique hydrophobic EML protein (HELP) motif and a variable number of WD40 repeats. Recurrent gene rearrangements in nonsmall cell lung cancer fuse EML4 to anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), causing expression of several fusion oncoprotein variants. We have determined a 2.6-angstrom crystal structure of the representative similar to 70-kDa core of EML1, revealing an intimately associated pair of beta-propellers, which we term a TAPE (tandem atypical propeller in EMLs) domain. One propeller is highly atypical, having a discontinuous subdomain unrelated to a WD40 motif in place of one of its blades. This unexpected feature shows how a propeller structure can be assembled from subdomains with distinct folds. The HELP motif is not an independent domain but forms part of the hydrophobic core that joins the two beta-propellers. The TAPE domain binds alpha/beta-tubulin via its conserved, concave surface, including part of the atypical blade. Mapping the characteristic breakpoints of each EML4-ALK variant onto our structure indicates that the EML4 TAPE domain is truncated in many variants in a manner likely to make the fusion protein structurally unstable. We found that the heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor ganetespib induced degradation of these variants whereas others lacking a partial TAPE domain were resistant in both overexpression models and patient-derived cell lines. The Hsp90-sensitive EML4-ALK variants are exceptions to the rule that oncogenic fusion proteins involve breakpoints in disordered regions of both partners.
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https://repository.icr.ac.uk/handle/internal/1698
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Subject
structural biology stratified medicine CELL LUNG-CANCER MICROTUBULE-BINDING PROTEIN WD REPEAT PROTEIN FUSION ONCOGENE C-ELEGANS EMAP ALK INHIBITOR IDENTIFICATION RESISTANCE
Language
eng
License start date
2014-04
Citation
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2014, 111 (14), pp. 5195 - 5200

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