Browsing Cancer Biology by title
Now showing items 93-112 of 385
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DARS: a phase III randomised multicentre study of dysphagia- optimised intensity- modulated radiotherapy (Do-IMRT) versus standard intensity- modulated radiotherapy (S-IMRT) in head and neck cancer.
(2016-10-06)Background Persistent dysphagia following primary chemoradiation (CRT) for head and neck cancers can have a devastating impact on patients' quality of life. Single arm studies have shown that the dosimetric sparing of ... -
De novo mutations implicate novel genes in systemic lupus erythematosus.
(2018-02)The omnigenic model of complex disease stipulates that the majority of the heritability will be explained by the effects of common variation on genes in the periphery of core disease pathways. Rare variant associations, ... -
Decreased function of survival motor neuron protein impairs endocytic pathways.
(2016-07-11)Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by depletion of the ubiquitously expressed survival motor neuron (SMN) protein, with 1 in 40 Caucasians being heterozygous for a disease allele. SMN is critical for the assembly of ... -
Decreased glutathione biosynthesis contributes to EGFR T790M-driven erlotinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer.
(2016-01)Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors such as erlotinib are novel effective agents in the treatment of EGFR-driven lung cancer, but their clinical impact is often impaired by acquired drug resistance through ... -
Degron-tagged reporters probe membrane topology and enable the specific labelling of membrane-wrapped structures.
(2019-08-02)Visualization of specific organelles in tissues over background fluorescence can be challenging, especially when reporters localize to multiple structures. Instead of trying to identify proteins enriched in specific ... -
Delayed DNA double-strand break repair following platin-based chemotherapy predicts treatment response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
(2016-09)Introduction The aim of this study was to investigate if defective repair of DNA double-strand break (DSB) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) could be used as an early predictor of treatment response.Methods ... -
Delineating the HMGB1 and HMGB2 interactome in prostate and ovary epithelial cells and its relationship with cancer.
(2018-04-10)High Mobility Group B (HMGB) proteins are involved in cancer progression and in cellular responses to platinum compounds used in the chemotherapy of prostate and ovary cancer. Here we use affinity purification coupled to ... -
Derivation of dose/volume constraints for the anorectum from clinician and patient-reported outcomes in the CHHiP trial of radiotherapy fractionation.
(2020-01-24)BACKGROUND:The CHHiP trial randomised 3216 men with localised prostate cancer (1:1:1) to three radiotherapy fractionation schedules: 74Gy/37 fractions (f) over 7.4 weeks, 60Gy/20f/4 weeks and 57Gy/19f/3.8 weeks. Literature-based ... -
Desmoid fibromatosis through the patients' eyes: time to change the focus and organisation of care?
(2019-03)Purpose Desmoid fibromatosis (DF) is a rare, unpredictable disease with no established, evidence-based treatments. Individual management is based on consensus algorithms. This study aimed to examine the specific health-related ... -
Development and external validation of nomograms in oropharyngeal cancer patients with known HPV-DNA status: a European Multicentre Study (OroGrams).
(2018-06)BACKGROUND:The proxy marker for human papillomavirus (HPV), p16, is included in the new AJCC 8th/UICC 8th staging system, but due to incongruence between p16 status and HPV infection, single biomarker evaluation could lead ... -
Development of a cell-free split-luciferase biochemical assay as a tool for screening for inhibitors of challenging protein-protein interaction targets.
(2020-01)Targeting the interaction of proteins with weak binding affinities or low solubility represents a particular challenge for drug screening. The NanoLuc â ® Binary Technology (NanoBiT â ®) was originally developed to detect ... -
Development of a new fusion-enhanced oncolytic immunotherapy platform based on herpes simplex virus type 1.
(2019-08-10)Background Oncolytic viruses preferentially replicate in tumors as compared to normal tissue and promote immunogenic cell death and induction of host systemic anti-tumor immunity. HSV-1 was chosen for further development ... -
Development of combination therapies to maximize the impact of KRAS-G12C inhibitors in lung cancer.
(2019-09)KRAS represents an excellent therapeutic target in lung cancer, the most commonly mutated form of which can now be blocked using KRAS-G12C mutant-specific inhibitory trial drugs. Lung adenocarcinoma cells harboring KRAS ... -
Diethylstilbestrol in castration-resistant prostate cancer.
(2012-12)Unlabelled What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Diethylstilbestrol (DES) was the first hormone treatment used for prostate cancer and has also shown effectiveness in castration-resistant disease in ... -
Differential and longitudinal immune gene patterns associated with reprogrammed microenvironment and viral mimicry in response to neoadjuvant radiotherapy in rectal cancer.
BACKGROUND: Rectal cancers show a highly varied response to neoadjuvant radiotherapy/chemoradiation (RT/CRT) and the impact of the tumor immune microenvironment on this response is poorly understood. Current clinical tumor ... -
Dimerization regulates the human APC/C-associated ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBE2S.
(2020-10-20)At the heart of protein ubiquitination cascades, ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s) form reactive ubiquitin-thioester intermediates to enable efficient transfer of ubiquitin to cellular substrates. The precise regulation ... -
Direct involvement of retinoblastoma family proteins in DNA repair by non-homologous end-joining.
(2015-03-26)Deficiencies in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair lead to genetic instability, a recognized cause of cancer initiation and evolution. We report that the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein (RB1) is required for DNA ... -
Discovery of high-confidence human protein-coding genes and exons by whole-genome PhyloCSF helps elucidate 118 GWAS loci.
(2019-12)The most widely appreciated role of DNA is to encode protein, yet the exact portion of the human genome that is translated remains to be ascertained. We previously developed PhyloCSF, a widely used tool to identify ... -
Discovery of naturally occurring ESR1 mutations in breast cancer cell lines modelling endocrine resistance.
(2017-11-30)Resistance to endocrine therapy remains a major clinical problem in breast cancer. Genetic studies highlight the potential role of estrogen receptor-α (ESR1) mutations, which show increased prevalence in the metastatic, ...
