Structural basis for the inhibition of cGAS by nucleosomes.

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Authors

Kujirai, T
Zierhut, C
Takizawa, Y
Kim, R
Negishi, L
Uruma, N
Hirai, S
Funabiki, H
Kurumizaka, H

Document Type

Journal Article

Date

2020-10-23

Date Accepted

2020-08-28

Abstract

The cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase (cGAS) senses invasion of pathogenic DNA and stimulates inflammatory signaling, autophagy, and apoptosis. Organization of host DNA into nucleosomes was proposed to limit cGAS autoinduction, but the underlying mechanism was unknown. Here, we report the structural basis for this inhibition. In the cryo-electron microscopy structure of the human cGAS-nucleosome core particle (NCP) complex, two cGAS monomers bridge two NCPs by binding the acidic patch of the histone H2A-H2B dimer and nucleosomal DNA. In this configuration, all three known cGAS DNA binding sites, required for cGAS activation, are repurposed or become inaccessible, and cGAS dimerization, another prerequisite for activation, is inhibited. Mutating key residues linking cGAS and the acidic patch alleviates nucleosomal inhibition. This study establishes a structural framework for why cGAS is silenced on chromatinized self-DNA.

Citation

Science (New York, N.Y.), 2020, 370 (6515), pp. 455 - 458

Source Title

Publisher

AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE

ISSN

0036-8075

eISSN

1095-9203

Collections

Research Team

Epigenetics and Genome Stability

Notes