Blood lipids and prostate cancer: a Mendelian randomization analysis.

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ICR Authors

Eeles, Rosalind
 Kote-Jarai, Zsofia

Authors

Bull, CJ
Bonilla, C
Holly, JMP
Perks, CM
Davies, N
Haycock, P
Yu, OHY
Richards, JB
Eeles, R
Easton, D
Kote-Jarai, Z
Amin Al Olama, A
Benlloch, S
Muir, K
Giles, GG
MacInnis, RJ
Wiklund, F
Gronberg, H
Haiman, CA
Schleutker, J
Nordestgaard, BG
Travis, RC
Neal, D
Pashayan, N
Khaw, K-T
Stanford, JL
Blot, WJ
Thibodeau, S
Maier, C
Kibel, AS
Cybulski, C
Cannon-Albright, L
Brenner, H
Park, J
Kaneva, R
Batra, J
Teixeira, MR
Micheal, A
Pandha, H
Smith, GD
Lewis, SJ
Martin, RM
PRACTICAL consortium,

Document Type

Journal Article

Date

2016-06-01

Date Accepted

2016-02-08

Abstract

Genetic risk scores were used as unconfounded instruments for specific lipid traits (Mendelian randomization) to assess whether circulating lipids causally influence prostate cancer risk. Data from 22,249 prostate cancer cases and 22,133 controls from 22 studies within the international PRACTICAL consortium were analyzed. Allele scores based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously reported to be uniquely associated with each of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglyceride (TG) levels, were first validated in an independent dataset, and then entered into logistic regression models to estimate the presence (and direction) of any causal effect of each lipid trait on prostate cancer risk. There was weak evidence for an association between the LDL genetic score and cancer grade: the odds ratio (OR) per genetically instrumented standard deviation (SD) in LDL, comparing high- (≥7 Gleason score) versus low-grade (<7 Gleason score) cancers was 1.50 (95% CI: 0.92, 2.46; P = 0.11). A genetically instrumented SD increase in TGs was weakly associated with stage: the OR for advanced versus localized cancer per unit increase in genetic risk score was 1.68 (95% CI: 0.95, 3.00; P = 0.08). The rs12916-T variant in 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) was inversely associated with prostate cancer (OR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.00; P = 0.03). In conclusion, circulating lipids, instrumented by our genetic risk scores, did not appear to alter prostate cancer risk. We found weak evidence that higher LDL and TG levels increase aggressive prostate cancer risk, and that a variant in HMGCR (that mimics the LDL lowering effect of statin drugs) reduces risk. However, inferences are limited by sample size and evidence of pleiotropy.

Citation

Cancer medicine, 2016, 5 (6), pp. 1125 - 1136

DOI

10.1002/cam4.695

URI

https://repository.icr.ac.uk/handle/internal/2902

Rights

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

Source Title

Publisher

WILEY

ISSN

2045-7634

eISSN

2045-7634

Collections

Genetics and Epidemiology
Radiotherapy and Imaging

Research Team

Oncogenetics

Notes