Recent submissions
Now showing items 2781-2800 of 4716
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Association of Genomic Domains in BRCA1 and BRCA2 with Prostate Cancer Risk and Aggressiveness.
(AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH, 2020-02-01)Pathogenic sequence variants (PSV) in BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) are associated with increased risk and severity of prostate cancer. We evaluated whether PSVs in BRCA1/2 were associated with risk of overall prostate cancer ... -
Risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy, natural menopause, and breast cancer risk: an international prospective cohort of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers.
(BMC, 2020-01-16)BACKGROUND: The effect of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) on breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers is uncertain. Retrospective analyses have suggested a protective effect but may be substantially ... -
Genomics of lethal prostate cancer at diagnosis and castration resistance.
(AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC, 2020-04-01)The genomics of primary prostate cancer differ from those of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). We studied genomic aberrations in primary prostate cancer biopsies from patients who developed mCRPC, ... -
Health-related quality of life around the time of diagnosis in patients with bladder cancer.
(WILEY, 2019-12-01)OBJECTIVES: To quantify the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with bladder cancer around the time of diagnosis and to test the hypotheses of a two-factor model for the HRQoL questionnaire QLQ-C30. METHODS: ... -
Measuring tumour evolution at the genetic and epigenetic level in individual patients from cancer genomic data
(Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2020-01-31)High-throughput genomic data from cancers uncovered high intra and inter-tumour heterogeneity and subclonal architecture of cancer cell populations. If we consider cells as asexually reproducing individuals, we can apply ... -
The Risk of Ovarian Cancer Increases with an Increase in the Lifetime Number of Ovulatory Cycles: An Analysis from the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium (OC3).
(AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH, 2020-03-01)Repeated exposure to the acute proinflammatory environment that follows ovulation at the ovarian surface and distal fallopian tube over a woman's reproductive years may increase ovarian cancer risk. To address this, analyses ... -
Optimising trial methodologies to maximise trial efficiencies: a case study in breast cancer radiotherapy trials
(Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2020-01-31)Background: In an era of falling local relapse rates, the risk-benefit ratio of adjuvant breast radiotherapy requires careful consideration, and the collection of normal tissue effect (NTE) data optimised. For patients at ... -
Derivation of Dose/Volume Constraints for the Anorectum from Clinician- and Patient-Reported Outcomes in the CHHiP Trial of Radiation Therapy Fractionation.
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2020-04-01)PURPOSE: The CHHiP trial randomized 3216 men with localized prostate cancer (1:1:1) to 3 radiation therapy fractionation schedules: 74 Gy in 37 fractions over 7.4 weeks; 60 Gy in 20 fractions over 4 weeks; and 57 Gy in 19 ... -
Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor Testing in Breast Cancer: ASCO/CAP Guideline Update.
(2020-04)Purpose: To update key recommendations of the American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) testing in breast cancer guideline. Methods: A multidisciplinary ... -
Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor Testing in Breast Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists Guideline Update.
(2020-05)PURPOSE.—:To update key recommendations of the American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) testing in breast cancer guideline. METHODS.—:A ... -
Evaluation of erectile potency and radiation dose to the penile bulb using image guided radiotherapy in the CHHiP trial.
(ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2020-03-01)BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The penile bulb (PB) dose may be critical in development of post prostate radiotherapy erectile dysfunction (ED). This study aimed to generate PB dose constraints based on dose-volume histograms ... -
The PERK Inhibitor GSK2606414 Enhances Reovirus Infection in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma via an ATF4-Dependent Mechanism.
(CELL PRESS, 2020-03-27)Reovirus type 3 Dearing (reovirus) is a tumor-selective oncolytic virus currently under evaluation in clinical trials. Here, we report that the therapeutic efficacy of reovirus in head and neck squamous cell cancer can be ... -
Seven or less Fractions is Not the Standard of Care for Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer.
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON, 2020-03-01)Evidence is accumulating for seven and less fractions in localised prostate cancer, including one large randomised trial. However, there is much more evidence yet to come and changing practice in advance of this may be ... -
Measuring Clonal Evolution in Cancer with Genomics.
(ANNUAL REVIEWS, 2019-08-31)Cancers originate from somatic cells in the human body that have accumulated genetic alterations. These mutations modify the phenotype of the cells, allowing them to escape the homeostatic regulation that maintains normal ... -
Associations of obesity and circulating insulin and glucose with breast cancer risk: a Mendelian randomization analysis.
(OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2019-06-01)BACKGROUND: In addition to the established association between general obesity and breast cancer risk, central obesity and circulating fasting insulin and glucose have been linked to the development of this common malignancy. ... -
Evaluation of dysphagia-optimising radiotherapy techniques in locally advanced oropharyngeal cancer
(Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2020-01-31)Radiation-associated dysphagia (RAD) following chemoradiation in locally advanced oropharyngeal cancers (LA-OPC) can have a devastating impact on patients' quality of life (QoL). Establishing efficient swallow-sparing ... -
Automatic reconstruction of the delivered dose of the day using MR-linac treatment log files and online MR imaging.
(ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2020-01-10)BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Anatomical changes during external beam radiotherapy prevent the accurate delivery of the intended dose distribution. Resolving the delivered dose, which is currently unknown, is crucial to link ... -
A causal mechanism for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
(NATURE PORTFOLIO, 2018-08-01)In this Review, I present evidence supporting a multifactorial causation of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), a major subtype of paediatric cancer. ALL evolves in two discrete steps. First, in utero initiation ... -
Phospho-proteomics and functional genomics for the characterisation of resistance mechanisms to agents targeting the EGFR, PI3K and MAPK pathways and their application in guiding drug combinations in colorectal cancer
(Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2019-12-31)KRAS mutant and RAS/BRAF wild type (RAS WT) colorectal cancer (CRC) cells respond differently to targeted agents, as exemplified by cetuximab, an anti-EGFR antibody, which is only effective in a proportion of patients with ... -
Molecular characterisation and functional assessment of FGFR3 mutations in cancer
(Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2020-01-31)Genetic alterations such as mutations in the Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors (FGFRs) family play important roles in the development and progression of several cancer types. How these mutations affect protein function ...