Browsing ICR Divisions by title
Now showing items 3271-3290 of 5294
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Obesity and Breast Cancer Risk in Men: A National Case-Control Study in England and Wales.
Background: Breast cancer is rare in men, and information on its causes is very limited from studies that have generally been small. Adult obesity has been shown as a risk factor, but more detailed anthropometric relations ... -
Objective comparison of lesion detectability in low and medium-energy collimator iodine-123 mIBG images using a channelized Hotelling observer.
(2017-01)Iodine-123 mIBG imaging is widely regarded as a gold standard for diagnostic studies of neuroblastoma and adult neuroendocrine cancer although the optimal collimator for tumour imaging remains undetermined. Low-energy (LE) ... -
Objective, Quantitative, Data-Driven Assessment of Chemical Probes.
(2018-02)Chemical probes are essential tools for understanding biological systems and for target validation, yet selecting probes for biomedical research is rarely based on objective assessment of all potential compounds. Here, we ... -
Obligatory and facilitative allelic variation in the DNA methylome within common disease-associated loci
(2018)Integrating epigenetic data with genome-wide association study (GWAS) results can reveal disease mechanisms. The genome sequence itself also shapes the epigenome, with CpG density and transcription factor binding sites ... -
Observation versus screening spinal MRI and pre-emptive treatment for spinal cord compression in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer and spinal metastases in the UK (PROMPTS): an open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial.
(2022-03-10)<h4>Background</h4>Early diagnosis of malignant spinal cord compression (SCC) is crucial because pretreatment neurological status is the major determinant of outcome. In metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, SCC ... -
Observational cohort study in older women with early breast cancer: use of radiation therapy and impact on health-related quality of life and mortality.
(2021-06-16)Background Radiotherapy reduces in-breast recurrence risk in early breast cancer (EBC) in older women. This benefit may be small and should be balanced against treatment effect and holistic patient assessment. This study ... -
Occupational, domestic and environmental mesothelioma risks in the British population: a case-control study
(NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2009-03-31)We obtained lifetime occupational and residential histories by telephone interview with 622 mesothelioma patients (512 men, 110 women) and 1420 population controls. Odds ratios (ORs) were converted to lifetime risk (LR) ... -
Oesophageal cancer.
(2017-11)Oesophageal cancer is a clinically challenging disease that requires a multidisciplinary approach. Extensive treatment might be associated with a considerable decline in health-related quality of life and yet still a poor ... -
Oesophageal cancer.
(2017-07-27)Oesophageal cancer is the sixth most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide and is therefore a major global health challenge. The two major subtypes of oesophageal cancer are oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma ... -
Oestrogen receptor α AF-1 and AF-2 domains have cell population-specific functions in the mammary epithelium.
(2018-11-09)Oestrogen receptor α (ERα) is a transcription factor with ligand-independent and ligand-dependent activation functions (AF)-1 and -2. Oestrogens control postnatal mammary gland development acting on a subset of mammary ... -
Off-Target V(D)J Recombination Drives Lymphomagenesis and Is Escalated by Loss of the Rag2 C Terminus
(2015-09)Genome-wide analysis of thymic lymphomas from Tp53(-/-) mice with wild-type or C-terminally truncated Rag2 revealed numerous off-target, RAG-mediated DNA rearrangements. A significantly higher fraction of these errors ... -
Olaparib and somatic BRCA mutations.
(2017-07-04) -
Olaparib and temozolomide in desmoplastic small round cell tumors: a promising combination in vitro and in vivo.
Purpose Desmoplastic small round cell tumors (DSRCTs) are highly malignant and very rare soft tissue sarcomas with a high unmet need for new therapeutic options. Therefore, we examined poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) ... -
Olaparib for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.
(2020-05)BACKGROUND:Multiple loss-of-function alterations in genes that are involved in DNA repair, including homologous recombination repair, are associated with response to poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) ... -
Olaparib in patients with mCRPC with homologous recombination repair gene alterations: PROfound Asian subset analysis.
<h4>Background</h4>The Phase III PROfound study (NCT02987543) evaluated olaparib versus abiraterone or enzalutamide (control; randomized 2:1 to olaparib or control) in men with homologous recombination repair gene alterations ... -
Olaparib in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with DNA repair gene aberrations (TOPARP-B): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial.
(2020-01)Background Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer is enriched in DNA damage response (DDR) gene aberrations. The TOPARP-B trial aims to prospectively validate the association between DDR gene aberrations and ... -
Olaparib tablets as maintenance therapy in patients with platinum-sensitive, relapsed ovarian cancer and a BRCA1/2 mutation (SOLO2/ENGOT-Ov21): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.
(2017-09)Background Olaparib, a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, has previously shown efficacy in a phase 2 study when given in capsule formulation to all-comer patients with platinum-sensitive, relapsed high-grade ... -
Olaratumab for the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma.
(2017-04)Soft tissue sarcoma represents about 1% of all solid malignancies. The standard chemotherapy regimens have included doxorubicin alone or in combination with other agents. Despite recent advances in treatment beyond first ... -
Olaratumab for the treatment of soft-tissue sarcoma.
(2017-10)The outcome for patients with unresectable/metastatic soft tissue sarcoma remains poor with few treatment options. In the first line setting, a number of randomized trials have shown no difference in overall survival between ...
