Browsing Radiotherapy and Imaging by issue date
Now showing items 861-880 of 1133
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Four-dimensional imaging for radiotherapy planning in children and teenagers
(Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2021-02-28)Respiratory-related organ motion (RROM) is a potential source of geometric uncertainty in RT planning and delivery. Approaches to mitigate its effects are well described in adults. For example, four-dimensional computed ... -
Circulating tumour DNA in advanced thyroid cancer
(Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2021-02-28)Conventional biomarkers currently used in thyroid cancer are not disease specific and fluctuate in advanced disease, making interpretation difficult. Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) has been shown to be a useful in other ... -
Differential and longitudinal immune gene patterns associated with reprogrammed microenvironment and viral mimicry in response to neoadjuvant radiotherapy in rectal cancer.
(BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP, 2021-03-01)BACKGROUND: Rectal cancers show a highly varied response to neoadjuvant radiotherapy/chemoradiation (RT/CRT) and the impact of the tumor immune microenvironment on this response is poorly understood. Current clinical tumor ... -
SOLLID - a single centre study to develop methods to investigate the effects of low radiation doses within nuclear medicine, to enable multicentre epidemiological investigations.
(BRITISH INST RADIOLOGY, 2021-03-01)There is continuing debate concerning the risks of secondary malignancies from low levels of radiation exposure. The current model used for radiation protection is predicated on the assumption that even very low levels of ... -
Amplitude based segmentation of ultrasound echoes for attenuation coefficient estimation.
(ELSEVIER, 2021-03-01)In vivo ultrasound attenuation coefficient measurements are of interest as they can provide insight into tissue pathology. They are also needed so that measurements of the tissue's frequency dependent ultrasound backscattering ... -
Clinical Application of Shear Wave Elastography for Assisting Brain Tumor Resection.
(FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2021-03-01)BACKGROUND: The clinical outcomes for brain tumor resection have been shown to be significantly improved with increased extent of resection. To achieve this, neurosurgeons employ different intra-operative tools to improve ... -
Clinical management and outcomes of primary ovarian leiomyosarcoma - Experience from a sarcoma specialist unit.
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2021-03-01)Ovarian sarcomas account for 1% of all ovarian malignancies and amongst these, primary ovarian leiomyosarcoma is the rarest subtype. Primary ovarian leiomyosarcoma has a very poor prognosis, with less than 20% of patients ... -
Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma with regional nodal involvement: Results of a combined analysis from two cooperative groups.
(WILEY, 2021-03-01)BACKGROUND: Treatment of children and adolescents with alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) and regional nodal involvement (N1) have been approached differently by North American and European cooperative groups. In order to ... -
Biomarkers for site-specific response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in epithelial ovarian cancer: relating MRI changes to tumour cell load and necrosis.
(SPRINGERNATURE, 2021-03-16)BACKGROUND: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) potentially interrogates site-specific response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). METHODS: Participants with newly ... -
Safety and Treatment Outcomes of Nivolumab for the Treatment of Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study.
(MDPI, 2021-03-19)Nivolumab is an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody currently used as immunotherapy for patients with recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with evidence of disease progression after platinum-based ... -
The Development of Therapeutic Radiographers in Imaging and Adaptive Radiotherapy Through Clinical Trial Quality Assurance.
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON, 2021-03-22)AIMS: Adaptive radiotherapy (ART) is an emerging advanced treatment option for bladder cancer patients. Therapeutic radiographers (RTTs) are central to the successful delivery of this treatment. The purpose of this work ... -
Oncolytic Reovirus-Mediated Recruitment of Early Innate Immune Responses Reverses Immunotherapy Resistance in Prostate Tumors.
(CELL PRESS, 2021-03-26)Prostate cancers are considered "cold" tumors characterized by minimal T cell infiltrates, absence of a type I interferon (IFN) signature, and the presence of immunosuppressive cells. This non-inflamed phenotype is likely ... -
Oncolytic virotherapy induced CSDE1 neo-antigenesis restricts VSV replication but can be targeted by immunotherapy.
(NATURE PORTFOLIO, 2021-03-26)In our clinical trials of oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus expressing interferon beta (VSV-IFNβ), several patients achieved initial responses followed by aggressive relapse. We show here that VSV-IFNβ-escape tumors ... -
TP53 modulates radiotherapy fraction size sensitivity in normal and malignant cells.
(NATURE PORTFOLIO, 2021-03-29)Recent clinical trials in breast and prostate cancer have established that fewer, larger daily doses (fractions) of radiotherapy are safe and effective, but these do not represent personalised dosing on a patient-by-patient ... -
Optimisation of a composite difference metric for prompt error detection in real-time portal dosimetry of simulated volumetric modulated arc therapy
(British Institute of Radiology, 2021-04-01)Objectives: In real-time portal dosimetry, thresholds are set for several measures of difference between predicted and measured images, and signals larger than those thresholds signify an error. The aim of this work is to ... -
Taste dysfunction following radiotherapy to the head and neck: A systematic review.
(ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2021-04-01)BACKGROUND: An intact sense of taste provides pleasure, supports sustenance and alerts the body to toxins. Head and neck cancer (HNC) patients who receive radiotherapy (RT) are high-risk for developing radiation-induced ... -
Phase I Trial of DNA Methyltransferase Inhibitor Guadecitabine Combined with Cisplatin and Gemcitabine for Solid Malignancies Including Urothelial Carcinoma (SPIRE).
(AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH, 2021-04-01)PURPOSE: Preclinical data indicate that DNA methyltransferase inhibition will circumvent cisplatin resistance in various cancers. PATIENT AND METHODS: SPIRE comprised a dose-escalation phase for incurable metastatic solid ... -
Histological Features of Sporadic and Familial Testicular Germ Cell Tumors Compared and Analysis of Age-Related Changes of Histology.
(MDPI, 2021-04-01)This study aimed to compare histological features of familial and sporadic testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) and surrounding parenchyma, since discriminating features might be etiologically relevant and clinically useful. ... -
An optimized b-value distribution for triexponential intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) in the liver.
(WILEY, 2021-04-01)PURPOSE: To find an optimized b-value distribution for reproducible triexponential intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) exams in the liver. METHODS: A numeric optimization of b-value distributions was performed using the ... -
Association of Bone Metastatic Burden With Survival Benefit From Prostate Radiotherapy in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.
(AMER MEDICAL ASSOC, 2021-04-01)IMPORTANCE: Prostate radiotherapy (RT) improves survival in men with low-burden metastatic prostate cancer. However, owing to the dichotomized nature of metastatic burden criteria, it is not clear how this benefit varies ...