Cancer Biology
Recent submissions
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Durable responses to ATR inhibition with ceralasertib in tumors with genomic defects and high inflammation.
(American Society for Clinical Investigation, 2023-11-07)BACKGROUND: PATRIOT was the first-in-human phase I study of the oral ATR (ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related) inhibitor ceralasertib (AZD6738) in advanced solid tumors. METHODS: Primary objective was safety. Secondary ... -
Bidirectional eukaryotic DNA replication is established by quasi-symmetrical helicase loading.
(AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE, 2017-07-21)Bidirectional replication from eukaryotic DNA replication origins requires the loading of two ring-shaped minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicases around DNA in opposite orientations. MCM loading is orchestrated by binding ... -
Replication-induced DNA secondary structures drive fork uncoupling and breakage.
(EMBO, 2023-11-15)Sequences that form DNA secondary structures, such as G-quadruplexes (G4s) and intercalated-Motifs (iMs), are abundant in the human genome and play various physiological roles. However, they can also interfere with replication ... -
Facts and hopes on RAS inhibitors and cancer immunotherapy.
(American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), 2023-08-15)While the past decade has seen great strides in the development of immunotherapies that reactivate the immune system against tumors, there have also been major advances in the discovery of drugs blocking oncogenic drivers ... -
Application of digital pathology-based advanced analytics of tumour microenvironment organisation to predict prognosis and therapeutic response.
(WILEY, 2023-08-01)In recent years, the application of advanced analytics, especially artificial intelligence (AI), to digital H&E images, and other histological image types, has begun to radically change how histological images are used in ... -
Investigating tumour antigens in mismatch repair proficient gastrointestinal cancers through patient-derived organoids
(Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2023-10-12)Immunotherapy of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers with immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has shown clinical progress in mismatch repair deficient (MMRd) GI cancers, but not in MMRp GI cancers. It is understood that the ... -
Gastrointestinal Toxicity Prediction Not Influenced by Rectal Contour or Dose-Volume Histogram Definition.
(2023-07-16)PURPOSE: Rectal dose delivered during prostate radiation therapy is associated with gastrointestinal toxicity. Treatment plans are commonly optimized using rectal dose-volume constraints, often whole-rectum relative-volumes ... -
Updates on radiotherapy-immunotherapy combinations: Proceedings of 6th annual ImmunoRad conference.
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2023-12-31)Focal radiation therapy (RT) has attracted considerable attention as a combinatorial partner for immunotherapy (IT), largely reflecting a well-defined, predictable safety profile and at least some potential for immunostimulation. ... -
International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) Gleason Grade Groups stratify outcomes in the CHHiP Phase 3 prostate radiotherapy trial.
(WILEY, 2023-07-18)OBJECTIVES: To compare the results of Gleason Grade Group (GGG) classification following central pathology review with previous local pathology assessment, and to examine the difference between using overall and worst GGG ... -
Managing cisplatin-ineligible patients with resected, high-risk, locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: Is there a standard of care?
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2023-09-01)For the past 2 decades, cisplatin-based adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has remained the standard of care for patients with resected, locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LA SCCHN) who are at ... -
Toxicity, normal tissue and dose-volume planning parameters for radiotherapy in soft tissue sarcoma of the extremities: A systematic review of the literature.
(ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2023-09-01)BACKGROUND: Patients with soft tissue sarcoma of the extremities (STSE) are left with high incidence of toxicities after Radiotherapy (RT). Understanding the normal tissue dose relationship with the development of long-term ... -
Actin nucleators safeguard replication forks by limiting nascent strand degradation.
(OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2023-07-07)Accurate genome replication is essential for all life and a key mechanism of disease prevention, underpinned by the ability of cells to respond to replicative stress (RS) and protect replication forks. These responses rely ... -
Vaccinia E5 is a major inhibitor of the DNA sensor cGAS.
(NATURE PORTFOLIO, 2023-05-22)The DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is critical in host antiviral immunity. Vaccinia virus (VACV) is a large cytoplasmic DNA virus that belongs to the poxvirus family. How vaccinia virus antagonizes the cGAS-mediated ... -
Pathway choice in the alternative telomere lengthening in neoplasia is dictated by replication fork processing mediated by EXD2's nuclease activity.
(NATURE PORTFOLIO, 2023-04-27)Telomerase-independent cancer proliferation via the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) relies upon two distinct, largely uncharacterized, break-induced-replication (BIR) processes. How cancer cells initiate and ... -
Mechanism of assembly, activation and lysine selection by the SIN3B histone deacetylase complex.
(NATURE PORTFOLIO, 2023-05-03)Lysine acetylation in histone tails is a key post-translational modification that controls transcription activation. Histone deacetylase complexes remove histone acetylation, thereby repressing transcription and regulating ... -
Investigating the role of EXD2 in end resection, genome stability, and cancer
(Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2023-06-26)DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are highly toxic lesions, so their accurate repair is required to maintain genome stability and prevent human diseases, including cancer. DSBs are repaired by two main pathways: "error-prone" ... -
Antibodies against endogenous retroviruses promote lung cancer immunotherapy.
(NATURE PORTFOLIO, 2023-04-20)B cells are frequently found in the margins of solid tumours as organized follicles in ectopic lymphoid organs called tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS)1,2. Although TLS have been found to correlate with improved patient ... -
Lung adenocarcinoma promotion by air pollutants.
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2023-04-06)A complete understanding of how exposure to environmental substances promotes cancer formation is lacking. More than 70 years ago, tumorigenesis was proposed to occur in a two-step process: an initiating step that induces ... -
COVID-19 in cancer patients: update from the joint analysis of the ESMO-CoCARE, BSMO, and PSMO international databases.
(ELSEVIER, 2023-05-04)BACKGROUND: COVID-19 has significantly affected patients with cancer and revealed unanticipated challenges in securing optimal cancer care across different disciplines. The European Society for Medical Oncology COVID-19 ... -
Genomic markers in differentiated thyroid cancer
(Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2023-06-14)This thesis explores the potential use of genomic markers to assist the management of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients throughout the course of their treatment pathway. We explore the use of these markers to ...
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