Browsing Cancer Biology by title
Now showing items 251-270 of 412
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Olaratumab for the treatment of soft-tissue sarcoma.
(2017-10)The outcome for patients with unresectable/metastatic soft tissue sarcoma remains poor with few treatment options. In the first line setting, a number of randomized trials have shown no difference in overall survival between ... -
Olaratumab: a platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α-blocking antibody for the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma.
(2017-01)The outcome of patients with unresectable or metastatic soft tissue sarcoma (STS) remains poor with few treatment options. A number of randomized trials in the first-line setting have shown no difference in overall survival ... -
On-treatment immune prognostic score for patients with relapsed and/or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with immunotherapy.
Background Previous studies have suggested that inflammatory markers (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and fibrinogen) are prognostic biomarkers in patients with a variety of solid cancers, ... -
Oncogenic RAS Signaling Promotes Tumor Immunoresistance by Stabilizing PD-L1 mRNA.
(2017-12-12)The immunosuppressive protein PD-L1 is upregulated in many cancers and contributes to evasion of the host immune system. The relative importance of the tumor microenvironment and cancer cell-intrinsic signaling in the ... -
Oncolytic Immunotherapy for Bladder Cancer Using Coxsackie A21 Virus.
(2018-06)As a clinical setting in which local live biological therapy is already well established, non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) presents intriguing opportunities for oncolytic virotherapy. Coxsackievirus A21 (CVA21) ... -
Oncolytic reovirus type 3 (Dearing) as a novel therapy in head and neck cancer.
(2012-12)Introduction Locally advanced head and neck cancer carries a poor prognosis, even with standard combination (surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy) treatment regimens. There is a pressing need for novel therapies with activity ... -
Oncolytic Reovirus-Mediated Recruitment of Early Innate Immune Responses Reverses Immunotherapy Resistance in Prostate Tumors.
Prostate cancers are considered "cold" tumors characterized by minimal T cell infiltrates, absence of a type I interferon (IFN) signature, and the presence of immunosuppressive cells. This non-inflamed phenotype is likely ... -
Oncolytic vaccinia virus as a vector for therapeutic sodium iodide symporter gene therapy in prostate cancer.
(2016-04)Oncolytic strains of vaccinia virus are currently in clinical development with clear evidence of safety and promising signs of efficacy. Addition of therapeutic genes to the viral genome may increase the therapeutic efficacy ... -
Oncolytic vaccinia virus combined with radiotherapy induces apoptotic cell death in sarcoma cells by down-regulating the inhibitors of apoptosis.
(2016-12)Advanced extremity melanoma and sarcoma present a significant therapeutic challenge, requiring multimodality therapy to treat or even palliate disease. These aggressive tumours are relatively chemo-resistant, therefore new ... -
Oncolytic virotherapy induced CSDE1 neo-antigenesis restricts VSV replication but can be targeted by immunotherapy.
(2021-03-26)In our clinical trials of oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus expressing interferon beta (VSV-IFNβ), several patients achieved initial responses followed by aggressive relapse. We show here that VSV-IFNβ-escape tumors ... -
Online adaptive radiotherapy for head and neck cancers on the MR linear Accelerator: Introducing a novel modified Adapt-to-Shape approach.
<h4>Introduction</h4>The Elekta Unity MR-Linac (MRL) has enabled adaptive radiotherapy (ART) for patients with head and neck cancers (HNC). Adapt-To-Shape-Lite (ATS-Lite) is a novel Adapt-to-Shape strategy that provides ... -
Optimal acquisition scheme for flow-compensated intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging in the abdomen: An accurate and precise clinically feasible protocol.
(2020-03)Purpose Flow-compensated (FC) diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) for intravoxel-incoherent motion (IVIM) modeling allows for a more detailed description of tissue microvasculature than conventional IVIM. The long acquisition ... -
Optimising head and neck radiotherapy treatment using adaptive radiotherapy
(Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2021-10-31)Radiotherapy delivery in head and neck cancer (HNC) has dramatically improved recently with the introduction of advanced techniques such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and image-guided radiation therapy ... -
Origin licensing requires ATP binding and hydrolysis by the MCM replicative helicase.
(2014-09)Loading of the six related Minichromosome Maintenance (MCM) proteins as head-to-head double hexamers during DNA replication origin licensing is crucial for ensuring once-per-cell-cycle DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. ... -
OX40 and 4-1BB delineate distinct immune profiles in sarcoma.
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2022-12-31)Systemic relapse after radiotherapy and surgery is the major cause of disease-related mortality in sarcoma patients. Combining radiotherapy and immunotherapy is under investigation as a means to improve response rates. ... -
Paracrine signalling during ZEB1-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition augments local myofibroblast differentiation in lung fibrosis.
(2019-05)The contribution of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to human lung fibrogenesis is controversial. Here we provide evidence that ZEB1-mediated EMT in human alveolar epithelial type II (ATII) cells contributes to the ... -
PARK2 Depletion Connects Energy and Oxidative Stress to PI3K/Akt Activation via PTEN S-Nitrosylation.
(2017-03)PARK2 is a gene implicated in disease states with opposing responses in cell fate determination, yet its contribution in pro-survival signaling is largely unknown. Here we show that PARK2 is altered in over a third of all ... -
PARK2 loss promotes cancer progression via redox-mediated inactivation of PTEN.
(2017-01)Cancer and Parkinson disease (PD) derive from distinct alterations in cellular processes, yet there are pathogenic mutations that are unequivocally linked to both diseases. Here we expand on our recent findings that loss ... -
Patient-reported outcomes with nivolumab in advanced solid cancers.
(2018-11)Patients with recurrent or metastatic cancer commonly suffer from debilitating toxicity associated with conventional treatment modalities, as well as disease-related symptoms, often with a concomitant negative impact on ...
