Early ctDNA dynamics as a surrogate for progression-free survival in advanced breast cancer in the BEECH trial.
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Date
2019-06-01Author
Hrebien, S
Citi, V
Garcia-Murillas, I
Cutts, R
Fenwick, K
Kozarewa, I
McEwen, R
Ratnayake, J
Maudsley, R
Carr, TH
de Bruin, EC
Schiavon, G
Oliveira, M
Turner, N
Type
Journal Article
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
BACKGROUND: Dynamic changes in circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) levels may predict long-term outcome. We utilised samples from a phase I/II randomised trial (BEECH) to assess ctDNA dynamics as a surrogate for progression-free survival (PFS) and early predictor of drug efficacy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with estrogen receptor-positive advanced metastatic breast cancer (ER+ mBC) in the BEECH study, paclitaxel plus placebo versus paclitaxel plus AKT inhibitor capivasertib, had plasma samples collected for ctDNA analysis at baseline and at multiple time points in the development cohort (safety run-in, part A) and validation cohort (randomised, part B). Baseline sample ctDNA sequencing identified mutations for longitudinal analysis and mutation-specific digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) assays were utilised to assess change in ctDNA abundance (allele fraction) between baseline and 872 on-treatment samples. Primary objective was to assess whether early suppression of ctDNA, based on pre-defined criteria from the development cohort, independently predicted outcome in the validation cohort. RESULTS: In the development cohort, suppression of ctDNA was apparent after 8 days of treatment (P = 0.014), with cycle 2 day 1 (4 weeks) identified as the optimal time point to predict PFS from early ctDNA dynamics. In the validation cohort, median PFS was 11.1 months in patients with suppressed ctDNA at 4 weeks and 6.4 months in patients with high ctDNA (hazard ratio = 0.20, 95% confidence interval 0.083-0.50, P < 0.0001). There was no difference in the level of ctDNA suppression between patients randomised to capivasertib or placebo overall (P = 0.904) nor in the PIK3CA mutant subpopulation (P = 0.071). Clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) was evident in 30% (18/59) baseline samples, although CHIP had no effect on tolerance of chemotherapy nor on PFS. CONCLUSION: Early on-treatment ctDNA dynamics are a surrogate for PFS. Dynamic ctDNA assessment has the potential to substantially enhance early drug development. CLINICAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01625286.
Collections
Subject
Humans
Breast Neoplasms
Neoplasm Metastasis
Paclitaxel
Pyrimidines
Pyrroles
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
Prognosis
Survival Rate
Cohort Studies
Follow-Up Studies
Double-Blind Method
Female
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic
Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic
Biomarkers, Tumor
Circulating Tumor DNA
Progression-Free Survival
Research team
Molecular Oncology
Language
eng
License start date
2019-06
Citation
Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology, 2019, 30 (6), pp. 945 - 952
Publisher
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