Browsing Radiotherapy and Imaging by issue date
Now showing items 201-220 of 1130
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A computerized volumetric segmentation method applicable to multi-centre MRI data to support computer-aided breast tissue analysis, density assessment and lesion localization.
(SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2017-01-01)Density assessment and lesion localization in breast MRI require accurate segmentation of breast tissues. A fast, computerized algorithm for volumetric breast segmentation, suitable for multi-centre data, has been developed, ... -
Repeatability of derived parameters from histograms following non-Gaussian diffusion modelling of diffusion-weighted imaging in a paediatric oncological cohort.
(SPRINGER, 2017-01-01)OBJECTIVES: To examine repeatability of parameters derived from non-Gaussian diffusion models in data acquired in children with solid tumours. METHODS: Paediatric patients (<16 years, n = 17) were scanned twice, 24 h apart, ... -
Oxygen Enhanced Optoacoustic Tomography (OE-OT) Reveals Vascular Dynamics in Murine Models of Prostate Cancer.
(IVYSPRING INT PUBL, 2017-01-01)Poor oxygenation of solid tumours has been linked with resistance to chemo- and radio-therapy and poor patient outcomes, hence non-invasive imaging of oxygen supply and demand in tumours could improve disease staging and ... -
Prime-boost using separate oncolytic viruses in combination with checkpoint blockade improves anti-tumour therapy.
(NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2017-01-01)The anti-tumour effects associated with oncolytic virus therapy are mediated significantly through immune-mediated mechanisms, which depend both on the type of virus and the route of delivery. Here, we show that intra-tumoral ... -
Standardisation of Target Volume Delineation for Carotid-sparing Intensity-modulated Radiotherapy in Early Glottis Cancer.
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON, 2017-01-01)AIMS: Recently, carotid-sparing intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for early laryngeal glottis (T1/T2N0M0) cancer has generated interest in the hope of avoiding long-term carotid toxicity, as well as concerns relating ... -
Alcohol consumption and prostate cancer incidence and progression: A Mendelian randomisation study.
(WILEY, 2017-01-01)Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in developed countries, and is a target for risk reduction strategies. The effects of alcohol consumption on prostate cancer incidence and survival remain unclear, potentially ... -
Radiosensitization by the ATR Inhibitor AZD6738 through Generation of Acentric Micronuclei.
(AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH, 2017-01-01)AZD6738 is an orally active ATR inhibitor (ATRi) currently in phase I clinical trials. We found in vitro growth inhibitory activity of this ATRi in a panel of human cancer cell lines. We demonstrated radiosensitization by ... -
Association of breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers with genetic variants showing differential allelic expression: identification of a modifier of breast cancer risk at locus 11q22.3.
(SPRINGER, 2017-01-01)PURPOSE: Cis-acting regulatory SNPs resulting in differential allelic expression (DAE) may, in part, explain the underlying phenotypic variation associated with many complex diseases. To investigate whether common variants ... -
A kernel-based dose calculation algorithm for kV photon beams with explicit handling of energy and material dependencies.
(BRITISH INST RADIOLOGY, 2017-01-01)OBJECTIVE: Mimicking state-of-the-art patient radiotherapy with high-precision irradiators for small animals is expected to advance the understanding of dose-effect relationships and radiobiology in general. We work on the ... -
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy to Study Glycolytic Metabolism During Autophagy.
(ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC, 2017-01-01)Cancer cells undergoing starvation- and treatment-induced autophagy were found to exhibit reduced intracellular lactate, reduced rates of steady-state lactate excretion and reduced real-time pyruvate-lactate exchange rates, ... -
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Biomarkers in Glioblastoma: Current Status and Future Perspectives.
(HINDAWI LTD, 2017-01-01)Glioblastoma (GBM) is a primary neuroepithelial tumor of the central nervous system, characterized by an extremely aggressive clinical phenotype. Patients with GBM have a poor prognosis and only 3-5% of them survive for ... -
Phase III, Double-Blind, Randomized Trial That Compared Maintenance Lapatinib Versus Placebo After First-Line Chemotherapy in Patients With Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 1/2-Positive Metastatic Bladder Cancer.
(AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY, 2017-01-01)Purpose To establish whether maintenance lapatinib after first-line chemotherapy is beneficial in human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) 1/HER2-positive metastatic urothelial bladder cancer (UBC). Methods Patients ... -
The OncoArray Consortium: A Network for Understanding the Genetic Architecture of Common Cancers.
(AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH, 2017-01-01)BACKGROUND: Common cancers develop through a multistep process often including inherited susceptibility. Collaboration among multiple institutions, and funding from multiple sources, has allowed the development of an ... -
Cationic lipid-based nanoparticles mediate functional delivery of acetate to tumor cells in vivo leading to significant anticancer effects.
(DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD, 2017-01-01)Metabolic reengineering using nanoparticle delivery represents an innovative therapeutic approach to normalizing the deregulation of cellular metabolism underlying many diseases, including cancer. Here, we demonstrated a ... -
A practical guide to the handling and administration of talimogene laherparepvec in Europe.
(DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD, 2017-01-01)Talimogene laherparepvec is a herpes simplex virus-1-based intralesional oncolytic immunotherapy and is the first oncolytic virus to be approved in Europe. It is indicated for the treatment of adults with unresectable ... -
The emerging potential of magnetic resonance imaging in personalizing radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: an oncologist's perspective.
(BRITISH INST RADIOLOGY, 2017-01-01)Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a challenging tumour site for radiotherapy delivery owing to its complex anatomy and proximity to organs at risk (OARs) such as the spinal cord and optic apparatus. Despite significant advances ... -
Blood transfusion during radical chemo-radiotherapy does not reduce tumour hypoxia in squamous cell cancer of the head and neck.
(NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2017-01-03)BACKGROUND: Patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) undergoing radical chemo-radiation (CRT) frequently receive transfusion with packed red cells (PRCT) during radiotherapy on the basis that PRCT increases ... -
Objective comparison of lesion detectability in low and medium-energy collimator iodine-123 mIBG images using a channelized Hotelling observer.
(IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017-01-07)Iodine-123 mIBG imaging is widely regarded as a gold standard for diagnostic studies of neuroblastoma and adult neuroendocrine cancer although the optimal collimator for tumour imaging remains undetermined. Low-energy (LE) ... -
Real-time auto-adaptive margin generation for MLC-tracked radiotherapy.
(IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017-01-07)In radiotherapy, abdominal and thoracic sites are candidates for performing motion tracking. With real-time control it is possible to adjust the multileaf collimator (MLC) position to the target position. However, positions ... -
Investigating the possible causal role of coffee consumption with prostate cancer risk and progression using Mendelian randomization analysis.
(WILEY, 2017-01-15)Coffee consumption has been shown in some studies to be associated with lower risk of prostate cancer. However, it is unclear if this association is causal or due to confounding or reverse causality. We conducted a Mendelian ...