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Now showing items 1808-1827 of 4688
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Functional versus non-functional intratumor heterogeneity in cancer.
(2016-07)Next-generation sequencing data from human cancers are often difficult to interpret within the context of tumor evolution. We developed a mathematical model describing the accumulation of mutations under neutral evolutionary ... -
Functionally Null RAD51D Missense Mutation Associates Strongly with Ovarian Carcinoma.
(AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH, 2017-08-15)RAD51D is a key player in DNA repair by homologous recombination (HR), and RAD51D truncating variant carriers have an increased risk for ovarian cancer. However, the contribution of nontruncating RAD51D variants to cancer ... -
Further characterization of changes in axial strain elastograms due to the presence of slippery tumor boundaries.
(SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS, 2018-04-01)Elastography measures tissue strain, which can be interpreted under certain simplifying assumptions to be representative of the underlying stiffness distribution. This is useful in cancer diagnosis where tumors tend to ... -
Future Directions in the Treatment of Osteosarcoma.
(MDPI, 2021-01-15)Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone sarcoma and is often diagnosed in the 2nd-3rd decades of life. Response to the aggressive and highly toxic neoadjuvant methotrexate-doxorubicin-cisplatin (MAP) chemotherapy ... -
Future perspective for the application of predictive biomarker testing in advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer.
(Elsevier BV, 2024-03-01)For patients with advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), treatment strategies have changed significantly due to the introduction of targeted therapies and immunotherapy. In the last few years, we have seen an ... -
Gastric Collision Tumors: An Insight into Their Origin and Clinical Significance
(2015)Collision tumors are rare neoplasms displaying two distinct cell populations developing in juxtaposition to one another without areas of intermingling. They are rare entities with only 63 cases described in English literature. ... -
Gastrointestinal tissue-based molecular biomarkers: a practical categorisation based on the 2019 World Health Organization classification of epithelial digestive tumours.
(WILEY, 2020-09-01)Molecular biomarkers have come to constitute one of the cornerstones of oncological pathology. The method of classification not only directly affects the manner in which patients are diagnosed and treated, but also guides ... -
Gastrointestinal Toxicity Prediction Not Influenced by Rectal Contour or Dose-Volume Histogram Definition.
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2023-12-01)PURPOSE: Rectal dose delivered during prostate radiation therapy is associated with gastrointestinal toxicity. Treatment plans are commonly optimized using rectal dose-volume constraints, often whole-rectum relative-volumes ... -
Gatekeeper Mutations and Intratumoral Heterogeneity in FGFR2-Translocated Cholangiocarcinoma.
(AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH, 2017-03-01)<b/>FGFR2 genetic translocations are frequent in cholangiocarcinoma, yet despite initial sensitivity to FGFR inhibitors in clinic, patients quickly become resistant to targeted therapies. The work published by Goyal and ... -
GDNF-RET signaling in ER-positive breast cancers is a key determinant of response and resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
(AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH, 2013-06-15)Most breast cancers at diagnosis are estrogen receptor-positive (ER(+)) and depend on estrogen for growth and survival. Blocking estrogen biosynthesis by aromatase inhibitors has therefore become a first-line endocrine ... -
Gefitinib and EGFR Gene Copy Number Aberrations in Esophageal Cancer.
(LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2017-07-10)Purpose The Cancer Esophagus Gefitinib trial demonstrated improved progression-free survival with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib relative to placebo in patients with advanced ... -
GENCODE 2021.
(OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2021-01-08)The GENCODE project annotates human and mouse genes and transcripts supported by experimental data with high accuracy, providing a foundational resource that supports genome biology and clinical genomics. GENCODE annotation ... -
GENCODE reference annotation for the human and mouse genomes.
(OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2019-01-08)The accurate identification and description of the genes in the human and mouse genomes is a fundamental requirement for high quality analysis of data informing both genome biology and clinical genomics. Over the last 15 ... -
Gene and pathway level analyses of germline DNA-repair gene variants and prostate cancer susceptibility using the iCOGS-genotyping array.
(SPRINGERNATURE, 2016-04-12)BACKGROUND: Germline mutations within DNA-repair genes are implicated in susceptibility to multiple forms of cancer. For prostate cancer (PrCa), rare mutations in BRCA2 and BRCA1 give rise to moderately elevated risk, ... -
Gene Copy Number Estimation from Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing of Prostate Cancer Biopsies: Analytic Validation and Clinical Qualification.
(AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH, 2017-10-15)Purpose: Precise detection of copy number aberrations (CNA) from tumor biopsies is critically important to the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer. The use of targeted panel next-generation sequencing (NGS) is inexpensive, ... -
Gene expression modules in primary breast cancers as risk factors for organotropic patterns of first metastatic spread: a case control study.
(BMC, 2017-10-13)BACKGROUND: Metastases from primary breast cancers can involve single or multiple organs at metastatic disease diagnosis. Molecular risk factors for particular patterns of metastastic spread in a clinical population are ... -
Gene expression profiling identifies distinct molecular subgroups of leiomyosarcoma with clinical relevance.
(2016-10)Background Soft tissue sarcomas are heterogeneous and a major complication in their management is that the existing classification scheme is not definitive and is still evolving. Leiomyosarcomas, a major histologic category ... -
Gene expression profiling in bladder cancer identifies potential therapeutic targets.
(SPANDIDOS PUBL LTD, 2017-04-01)Despite advances in management, bladder cancer remains a major cause of cancer related complications. Characterisation of gene expression patterns in bladder cancer allows the identification of pathways involved in its ... -
Gene Regulatory Networks and Transcriptional Mechanisms that Control Myogenesis
(CELL PRESS, 2014-02-10)We discuss the upstream regulators of myogenesis that lead to the activation of myogenic determination genes and subsequent differentiation, focusing on the mouse model. Key upstream genes, such as Pax3 and Pax7, Six1 and ...